Cartridge.



(No Model.)

B. A. BAILEY.

CARTRIDGE.

Application filed. July 8, 1899,)

Patented Jan. 9, I900.

NITED STATES I FFICQEQ cmmmcs;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent no; 640,855, dated. January 9, 1 900.

5 State of Connecticut,.have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cartridges, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved cartridge in which the brass cap comprising the flanged head and integral sleeve is-a separate individual part and removable from the destructible paper tube and nipple which carry the load andfulminate, so that the said flanged head, with itsintegral cartridge, can he removedand used an indefinite number of times, thereby greatly reducing the cost of reloading or forming a new cartridge. v 7

In the ordinary shotgun-cartridges now made there is not always a positive igniting of the powder, more especially-where a slow powder is used, owing to the fact that the flash of the primer has to pass through a small hole. A further object of my invention, therefore, is to overcome this by providing an improved nipple in connection with the/cartridge, the said nipple being threaded and side of whichthefulminate is placed, an anvil being held in the nipple against the ful:

- minate and'leaving spaces. for powder to colminate therein, said cartridge receiving a load and adapted to be .readilyponnected to the metal da'pyto form a complete cartridge.

The following specification entersinto a detail description of my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

f to letters of reference-thereon, which desigsleeve, being the most expensive part of. the:

provided with aLthin euter'wall, onthe under plete cartridge. may be of paper or thin metal, is cri'mped in- I ward at its inner end over the edge-of a metal is screwed into thenipple up against theful'f Application filed July 3, 1899. Serial No. 722,693. (No model.)

[ nate the difierent parts, and what I claim as new and desire full protection upon is more specifically set forth in the appended claims. In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional view of a separable cartridge, showing the preferred form of construction. Fig. 2 is a detail side elevation of the paper tube and parts carried thereby. Fig.3 is a longitudinal sectionalview of a. modification. Fig. 4; is, a detail view of the anvil. Fig. 5 is a detail view of a modification of the anvil. Fig. -6 :is a detail view of the breech-block with anvil applied. Fig. 7' is an end view of Fig. 2, the washer and tube beingpartly broken away to betterillustrate features of construction.

In carrying out my invention I make the metal cap or flanged headand integral sleeve a separatepa'rt of the cartridge, the flanged head A being provided centrally With a threaded opening a to receive the threaded nipple, hereinafter described, while the sleeve A may be of any desired length. The flanged head of this metal cap is of considerable thickness-j to receive the impact of the explosion and not be injured thereby, and as the cap isintended to be used a number of times it is preferablymade of brass, and the sleeve can be of greater length than is usual with paper cartridges. In connection with this metal cap I make up a paper'tube or cartridge proper which carries the load and 'fulminate and is intended to be manufacturedandsold as a separate article, being readily and conyeniently secured to said cap to form a com- To this end the tube B, which disk or breech-block 0, which lies within the tube and is provided with a rearWardly-proj'ecting portion or nipple c, threaded externally to engage the threaded opening a of the metal capfi The projecting portion or nipple maybe threaded up to the block, or nearly so, as shown in Fig. 3, so that the washer D may be screwed'thereon'against the "crimpe'd end of the tube and clamp the parts firmly together. In this form of breech-block and nipple (illustrated 'in"Fi g..3) the said nipple is provided with an opening through the same tapered at its outer'end to receive the firingcap and is of such length relative to the ppming in the metal'cap that when a plied the outer end of the same will be fills rear surface of said cap.

The enlarged outer end of the opening in the nipple is adapted to receive a fiat anvil, I which is inserted before applying the percussion-cap.

In the preferred form ofconstruction (illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3) the breech-block and nipple are struck er stamped from sheet metal, and in forming the nipple (desig nated by the letter E) body of the same is swaged to form external and internal threads thereon, (designated by the letters 6 and 6, respectively,) while the outer end presents a thin wall 6 against which the tiring-pin of the fire-arm is adapted to strike. In this form an annular shoulder e is located at the inner end of the-nipple adjoining the block F, andthe outer sur ace of said block is preferably roughened, as indicated bys in Fig. 7. After the tube has been crimped over the edge of the breech-block a washer G is placed over the nipple engaging the shoulder, and the outer edge 'of said shoulder being upset against said washer will secure the parts firmly together. In order to increase the engagement of the parts to prevent the tube turning independent of the breecl1-block and washer, the

said washer is provided with inwardly-projecting teeth 9, which pass into the crimped end of the tube, and the edge of the opening in thewasher may be indented, so that the edge of the shoulder may be upset into said indentations. These precautions are followed to insure astrong and firm engagement of the parts with each other, for it will be understood that in placing the cartridge or paper tube and parts carried thereby' in. engagement with the metal cap and disengaging the same therefrom the tube is turned to screw the nipple into the threaded opening in the headof the'cap. By forming the internal threads ein the nipple I provide for holding an anvil H in. place, said an yil being a small fiatpiece of metal, having teeth at each edge to engage the threads, and beveled at'opposite directions at its lower end to form a small contact-point. In priming the cartridge the fulminate is placed in the nipple onthe inner side of the thin Wall 6 and the anvil is then screwed into the nipple up against the fnlminate. cartridge .is effected by the firing-pin striking the thin wall at the outer end of the nipple and,"indenting said wall,,mashes the fulminate on the point of the anvil. The anvil being a fiataapiece of metal leaves spaces at each side into which the powder will pass, and thereby insures a positive igniting of the powder of end with extensions 2', which forms stops to contact with the offset presented by the formation of the shoulder on the nipple and prevent the point being forced into the fulminate with the- The exploding of the when inserting the anvil. By providing the extensions 11 and by the upsetting of the shoulder metal cap, which is the most expensive part,

can be used an indefinite numberof times, and therefore any one having a supply of metal caps on hand will only be required to purchase the tube and parts carried thereby to form a complete cartridge, and said tube and parts can be bought at small'cost.

, The invention provides a manner of greatly reducing the cost of reloading cartridges, and the operation of removing the tube, from the metal cap and applying a new one can be readily and conveniently accomplished. The

' particular construction and arrangement of parts also prevents any rupture-caused'by the explosion of the cartridge, and presents an efiective priming device, the latter feature being also susceptible of application to an ordinary cartridge.

In some cases I contemplate providing acup-shaped washer instead of aplain washer herein shown.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isg 1. In combination with a metal cap'having a threaded opening in its head, of a tube, a breech-block or disk over which the tube is crimped, a threaded nipple formed on the breech-block and provided with a shoulder, and a washer placed on the shoulder, the latter being upset upon the washer to clamp the parts together, substantially as shown and for the purpose setforth.

2. In combination with a metal cap having a threaded opening in its head, of a tube, a breech-block ordisk upon which the tube is crimpe'd, a, threaded nipple projecting rearward from the center of the breech-block and the cap, and a'washer secured upon the threaded nipple against the crimped end of the tube, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination witha metal cap having a threaded opening in its head, of a tube, a.

breech-blockor disk over which the tube is crimped, said breech-block having its outer surface. roughened or serrated, a threaded nipple projecting rearward from the center of the breech-block and provided with a shoulder at its inner end,'and a washer placed over the shoulder to engage the crimped end of the tube, said washer having inwardly-projecting teeth, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

4. In combination with a metal cap having a threaded opening in its head, of a tube, a

breech-block or'disk over which the tube is crimped, a nipple projecting rearward from the breech-block and provided with external and internal threads and 'a thin outer end, and a washer placed over the nipple to clamp the crimped end of the tube between said washer and the breech-block; together with a fiat piece or anvil screwed into the nipple, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination with a metal caphaving a threaded opening in its head, of a tube, a breech-block or disk over-which the'tube is crimped, a nipple projecting rearward from the breech-block and provided with external and internal threads anda thin outer end wall,'and a washer placed over the nipple to clamp the crimped end of the tube between said Washer and breech-block; together with a fiat metal piece or anvil having teeth atopposite sides and lateral projections at its rear end, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

' 6. In combination with a metal cap having a threaded opening in its head, of a tube, a

breech-block or disk over which the tube iscrimped, .said-breech-block having its rear surface roughened or serrated, a nipple projecting rearward .from the breech-block and provided with external and internal threads and with a shoulder at its inner end, and a washer placed over the shoulder and provided withinwardly-projecting teeth, to clamp thecriniped end of the tube'between said washer and breech block; together with an anvil screwed into the threaded nipple, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth. 7. As an improved article of manufacture for use in connection with a metal cap,"comprising a tube',.a breech-block in the tube provided with a rearwardly-projecting nipple having internal and external threads,a washer placed over the nipple to clamp the parts together, and an anvil screwed into the nipple, substantially as shown and described.

8. An improved article of manufacture for use in connection with a metal cap, comprising a tube, a breech-block in the tube provided with a rearwardly-projecting nipple having a thin wall at its end, fulminate on the inner side of said wall, and an anvil held in the nipple against the fulminate, the nipple'being threaded externally to engage a.

.OHAS. A. BAILEY.

\Vitnesses:

WILLIAM S. STICKNEY,

CHRISTINE L. STIOKNEY. 

